Lesson 55 of 74 · A2, Unit 2: Grammar toolkit
With and for
-val/-vel means 'with' (using a tool, or accompanying someone): autóval ('by car'), Péterrel ('with Péter'). After a consonant, the v doesn't stay a v — it copies whatever consonant comes before it: víz + vel becomes vízzel, not vízvel.
-nak/-nek means 'to' or 'for' — you already met it as the possessor marker in Péternek van ('Péter has'); the same ending also marks an indirect object: Adok Péternek egy könyvet ('I give Péter a book').
By the end you can:
- say what you're doing something with using -val/-vel
- know the v-assimilation rule: it copies the previous consonant
- say who something is for/to using -nak/-nek, including as an indirect object
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